Literatur

Adl79

L. Adleman.
Time, space and randomness.
Technical report, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, March 1979.
MIT/LCS/79/TM-131.

AEM87

W. Arnold, H. J. Eysenck, and R. Meili.
Lexikon der Psychologie, volume 2.
Herder, 1987.

Amb91

S. Ambroskiewicz.
From chaos to knowledge.
In Proceedings of the World Conference on the Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence, pages 37-43, 1991.

Arb89

M. A. Arbib.
The Metaphorical Brain II.
Wiley, 1989.

Ari

Aristoteles.
Metaphysik.

Ash47

W. R. Ashby.
Principles of the self-organizing dynamic system.
Journal of General Psychology, 37, 1947.

Bab70

C. Babbage.
Of the analytical engine (1864).
In Z. W. Pylyshyn, editor, Perspectives on the Computer Revolution, pages 16-28. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1970.

BC91

A. Bauval and L. Cholvy.
Automated reasoning in case of inconsistency.
In Proceedings of the World Conference on the Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence, pages 81-92, 1991.

Ben67

P. Benacerraf.
God, the devil, and Gödel.
Philosophy, 36:112-117, 1967.

Ber10

G. Berkeley.
Treatise concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge.
1710.

BH64

Y. Bar-Hillel.
The present status of automatic translation of language.
In F. L. Alt, editor, Advances in Computers, volume 1. Academic Press, New York, 1964.

BL85

R. J. Brachman and H. J. Levesque, editors.
Readings in knowledge representation.
Morgan Kaufmann, Los Altos, CA, 1985.

Bla62

M. Black.
Models and Metaphors.
Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y., 1962.

Bla84

S. Blackburn.
The Individual Strikes Back.
Synthese, 84:281-301, 1984.

Blo78

N. Block.
Troubles with functionalism.
In C. W. Savage, editor, Minnesota studies in philosophy of science, volume 9. Minneapolis, MN, 1978.

Blo90

N. Block.
The computer model of the mind.
In D. N. Osherson and E. E. Smith, editors, Thinking: An invitation to cognitive science, volume 3, pages 247-289. MIT Press, 1990.

BP90

J. Briggs and F. D. Peat.
Die Entdeckung des Chaos.
Hanser-Verlag, 1990.

Bra90

R. J. Brachman.
The future of knowledge representation.
In Proceedings of the 8^th Conference of the American Association of Artificial Intelligence, pages 1082-1092, 1990.

Bri82

L. Briskman.
Creative product and creative process in science and art.
In D. Dutton and M. Krausz, editors, The concept of creativity in Science and Art, pages 129-155. Martin Nijhoff Publishers, 1982.

Bro91

R. Brooks.
Intelligence without reason.
In Proceedings of the 12^th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 569-595, 1991.

BS84

B. G. Buchanan and E. H. Shortliffe.
Rule-Based Expert Systems.
Addison-Wesley, 1984.

Bur80

H. Burkhardt.
Logik und Semiotik in der Philosophie von Leibniz.
München, 1980.

Car28

R. Carnap.
Der logische Aufbau der Welt.
1928.

Car50

R. Carnap.
Logical Foundations of Probability.
1950.

CC50

W. G. Cochran and G. M. Cox.
Experimental Design.
New York, 1950.

Cha66

G. J. Chaitin.
On the length of programs for computing finite binary sequences.
Journal of the Association of Computing Machinery, 13:547-569, 1966.

Cha74

G. J. Chaitin.
Information-theoretic Limitations of Formal Systems.
Journal of the ACM, 21, 1974.

Cha87

G. J. Chaitin.
Algorithmic information theory.
Cambridge University Press, 1987.

Che78

V. Cherniavsky.
On algorithmic natural language analysis and understanding.
Information Systems, 10:5-10, 1978.

Cho77

N. Chomsky.
Reflexionen über die Sprache.
Suhrkamp, Frankfurt a.M., 1977.
(Engl. Orig.: Reflections on Language. Pantheon, New York, 1975.).

Chu36a

A. Church.
A note on the Entscheidungsproblem.
Journal of Symbolic Logic, 1:40-41,101-102, 1936.

Chu36b

A. Church.
An unsolvable problem of elementary number theory.
American Journal of Mathematics, 58, 1936.

Coo71

S. A. Cook.
The complexity of theorem-proving procedures.
In Proceedings of the 3^rd Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, pages 151-158, 1971.

Cra92

H. J. Cram.
Fodor's causal theory of representation.
Philosophical Quarterly, 42(166):56-70, January 1992.

Cum89

R. Cummins.
Meaning and mental representation.
MIT Press, Cambridge, 1989.

Dav82

M. Davis.
Why Gödel didn't have Church's thesis.
Information and Control, 54, 1982.

DD87

H. L. Dreyfus and S. E. Dreyfus.
Künstliche Intelligenz. Von den Grenzen der Denkmaschinen und dem Wert der Intuition.
Rowohlt Verlag, 1987.
(Engl. Orig.: Mind over Machine. Free Press, New York, 1986.

DD88

H. L. Dreyfus and S. E. Dreyfus.
Making a mind versus modelling a brain: Artificial intelligence back at a branchpoint.
In S. R. Graubard, editor, The Artificial Intelligence Debate, pages 15-43. MIT Press, 1988.

Den71

D. C. Dennett.
Intentional systems.
Journal of Philosophy, 68:87-106, 1971.

Den87

D. C. Dennett.
The Intentional Stance.
MIT Press, 1987.

Die86

T. G. Dietterich.
Learning at the knowledge level.
Machine Learning, 1:287-316, 1986.

Die91

J. Diederich.
Trends im Konnektionismus.
Künstliche Intelligenz, 2:6-11, 1991.

DM64

R. A. Dentler and B. Mackler.
Originality.
Behavior Science, 9:1-10, 1964.

Dre65

H. L. Dreyfus.
Alchemy and artificial intelligence.
Technical Report P3244, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, December 1965.

Dre72

H. L. Dreyfus.
What Computers Can't do - The Limits of Artificial Intelligence.
Harper & Row, 1972.

Dre86

F. Dretske.
Misrepresentation.
In R. J. Bogdan, editor, Belief. Oxford, 1986.

Eig71

M. Eigen.
Self-organization of matter and the evolution of biological macromolecules.
Naturwissenschaften, 58, 1971.

FFGL90

J. A. Feldman, M. A. Fanty, N. H. Goddard, and K. J. Lynne.
Computing with structured connectionist networks.
In S. F. Zornetzer, J. L. Davis, and C. Lau, editors, An Introduction to Neural and Electronic Networks, pages 433-454. Academic Press, New York, 1990.

FH92

R. Freivalds and A. G. Hoffmann.
An inductive inference approach to classification.
In Proceedings of the 3^rd Workshop on Analogical and Inductive Inference, Schloß Dagstuhl, Germany, October 1992. Springer-Verlag.
(Erscheint demnächst.).

Fis60

R. A. Fisher.
The Design of Experiments.
Edinburgh, 1960.

FK77

R. Freivalds and E. Kinber.
Limiting identification of the minimal Gödel numbers.
Theory of algorithms and programs, 3:3-34, 1977.
(Russian.).

FM90

J. A. Fodor and B. P. McLaughlin.
Connectionism and the problem of systematicity: Why Smolensky's solution doesn't work.
Cognition, 35:183-204, 1990.

Fod75

J. A. Fodor.
The language of thought.
Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1975.

Fod78

J. A. Fodor.
Tom Swift and his procedural grandmother.
Cognition, 6:229-247, 1978.

Fod80

J. A. Fodor.
Methodological solipsism as a research strategy in psychology.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3:63-73, 1980.

Fod87a

J. A. Fodor, editor.
Psychosemantics.
MIT Press/Bradford Books, 1987.

Fod87b

J. A. Fodor.
Why there still has to be a language of thought.
In J. A. Fodor, editor, Psychosemantics. MIT Press/Bradford Books, 1987.

FP88

J. A. Fodor and Z. W. Pylyshyn.
Connectionism and cognitive architecture: a critical analysis.
Cognition, 28:3-71, 1988.

FR74

M. J. Fischer and M. O. Rabin.
Super-exponential complexity of Presburger arithmetic.
In R. M. Karp, editor, Complexity of Computation, pages 27-41. American Mathematical Society, 1974.

Fre79

G. Frege.
Begriffsschrift, eine der arithmetischen nachgebildeten Formelsprache des reinen Denkens.
Halle, 1879.
(Neudr. in: K. Berka & L. Kreiser (eds.) Logik-Texte, Berlin (Ost), 1971).

Fre90

R. M. French.
Subcognition and the limits of the Turing test.
Mind, 99:53-65, 1990.

Fri91

M. Frixione.
On the relations between philosophical theories of meaning and Artificial Intelligence.
In Proceedings of the World Conference on the Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence, pages 187-198, 1991.

FSG89

M. Frixione, G. Spinelli, and S. Gaglio.
Symbols and subsymbols for representing knowledge: a catalogue raisonné.
In Proceedings of the 11^th International Joint Conference of Artificial Intelligence, pages 3-7, 1989.

Göd31

K. Gödel.
Über formal unentscheidbare Sätze der Principia Mathematica und verwandter Systeme I.
Monatshefte für Mathematik und Physik, 39, 1931.

Goo46

N. Goodman.
A query of confirmation.
Journal of Philosophy, 43:383-385, 1946.

Goo55

N. Goodman.
Fact, Fiction and Forecast.
Cambridge, MA, 1955.
(dt. Tatsache, Fiktion, Voraussage; Frankfurt, 1975).

Goo69

N. Goodman.
Languages of Art.
Oxford University Press, London, 1969.

GQ47

N. Goodman and W. v. O. Quine.
Steps toward a constructive nominalism.
Journal of Symbolic Logic, 12:105-122, 1947.

HACN90

F. Hsu, T. Anantharaman, M. S. Campbell, and A. Nowatzyk.
A grandmaster chess machine.
Scientific American, 4(263):44-50, 1990.

Han87

S. Hanard.
Category induction and representation.
In S. Hanard, editor, Categorial Perception, pages 535-565. Cambridge University Press, 1987.

Har87

G. Harman.
(Nonsolipsistic) conceptual role semantics.
In E. Le Pore, editor, New directions in semantics. Academic Press, New York, 1987.

Har91

S. Harnad.
Other bodies, other minds: A machine incarnation of an old philosophical problem.
Minds and Machines, 1(1):43-54, 1991.

Hau78

J. Haugeland.
The nature and plausibility of cognitivism.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2:215-260, 1978.

HB68

D. Hilbert and P. Bernays.
Grundlagen der Mathematik I.
Springer-Verlag, 1968.
2. Auflage.

HD72

B. Hoffmann and H. Dukas.
Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel.
New York, 1972.

Heb49

D. O. Hebb.
The organization of behavior.
Wiley & Sons, 1949.

Hei27

M. Heidegger.
Sein und Zeit.
1927.

Hei70

J. v. Heijenoort.
Frege and Gödel. Two Fundamental Texts in Mathematical Logic.
Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachussetts, 1970.

Hin89

G. E. Hinton.
Connectionist learning procedures.
Artificial Intelligence, 40:185-234, 1989.

Hob51

T. Hobbes.
Leviathan.
1651.

Hof85

D. R. Hofstadter.
Waking up from the boolean dream, or, subcognition as computation.
In D. R. Hofstadter, editor, Metamagical themas, pages 631-665. Basic Books, 1985.

Hof90a

A. G. Hoffmann.
General limitations on machine learning.
In Proceedings of the 9^th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 345-347, Stockholm, Sweden, August 1990.

Hof90b

A. G. Hoffmann.
On computational limitations of neural network architectures.
In Proceedings of the 2^nd IEEE Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing, pages 818-825, Dallas, Texas, USA, December 1990. IEEE.

Hof91a

A. G. Hoffmann.
Asymptotic performance of learning algorithms.
In Proceedings of the first World Conference on the Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence, pages 247-256, 1991.

Hof91b

A. G. Hoffmann.
Connectionist functionality and the emergent network behavior.
Neurocomputing - An International Journal, 1991.
to appear.

Hof91c

A. G. Hoffmann.
On the principles of intelligence.
In Proceedings of the first World Conference on the Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence, pages 257-266, 1991.

Hof92

A. G. Hoffmann.
Phenomenology, representations and complexity.
In Proceedings of the 10^th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vienna, Austria, August 1992. Wiley & Sons.

Hol86

J. H. Holland.
Escaping brittleness: The possibilities of general-purpose learning algorithms applied to parallel rule-based systems.
In R. S. Michalski, J. G. Carbonell, and T. M. Mitchell, editors, Machine Learning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach, volume 2, pages 593-623. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1986.

Hub78

C. Hubig.
Dialektik und Wissenschaftslogik. Eine sprachphilosophisch-handlungstheoretische Analyse.
de Gruyter, Berlin, New York, 1978.

Huc89

P. Hucklenbroich.
Künstliche Intelligenz und medizinisches Wissen. Wissenschaftstheoretische Grundfragen von Expertensystemen und wissensbasierter Programmierung.
Universität Münster, Medizinische Fakultät, Münster, 1989.
Habilitationsschrift.

Hum48

D. Hume.
A Treatise of Human Nature.
1748.

Hus13

E. Husserl.
Ideen zu einer reinen phänomenologischen Philosophie.
1913.
Bd. I & II.

Hus85

E. Husserl.
Die phänomenologische Methode. Ausgewählte Texte.
Reclam, Stuttgart, 1985.

Ind90

B. Indurkhya.
Some remarks on the rationality of induction.
Synthese, 85:95-114, 1990.

Jac87

D. Jacquette.
Metamathematical criteria for minds and machines.
Erkenntnis, 27:1-16, 1987.

Jel90

E. Jelden.
Menschliche und elektronische Wissensverarbeitung in der Heuristik. Voraussetzungen, Grenzen und Möglichkeiten aus der philosophischen Sicht.
Technical report, TU Berlin, Institut für Philosophie, Wissenschaftstheorie und Wissenschafts- und Technikgeschichte, Berlin, Mai 1990.

Joh87

M. Johnson.
The Body in the Mind: The Bodily Basis of Meaning, Imagination and Reason.
University of Chicago Press, 1987.

Kan87

I. Kant.
Kritik der reinen Vernunft.
Suhrkamp, Frankfurt, 1787.
stw 55.

Kir92

W. W. Kirchherr.
Kolmogorov complexity and random graphs.
Information Processing Letters, 41:125-130, March 1992.

Kö68

S. Körner.
Philosophie der Mathematik. Eine Einführung.
Nymphenburger, München, 1968.

Koe82

A. Koestler.
Three domains of creativity.
In D. Dutton and M. Krausz, editors, The concept of creativity in Science and Art, pages 1-17. Martin Nijhoff Publishers, 1982.

Kol65

A. N. Kolmogorov.
Three approaches to the quantitative definition of information.
Problems in Information Transmission, 1(1):1-7, 1965.

Kri59

S. A. Kripke.
A completeness theorem in modal logic.
Journal of Symbolic Logic, 24:1-14, 1959.

Kri82

S. A. Kripke.
Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language.
Blackwells, Oxford, 1982.

Lak85

I. Lakatos.
Beweise und Widerlegungen. Die Logik mathematischer Entdeckungen.
Braunschweig, 1985.

Lak87

G. Lakoff.
Women, Fire and Dangerous Things. What Categories Reveal about the Mind.
University Press Chicago, 1987.

LD89

T. E. Lange and M. G. Dyer.
High-level inferencing in a connectionist network.
Connection Science, 1(2):187-217, 1989.

Lev88a

H. Levesque.
Logic and complexity of reasoning.
Journal of Philosophical Logic, 17:355-389, 1988.

Lev88b

D. Levy.
Computer Chess Compendium.
Batsford, London, 1988.

LHM⁺91

R. Levinson, F.-H. Hsu, T. A. Marsland, J. Schaeffer, and D. E. Wilkins.
Panel: The Role of Chess in Artificial Intelligence Research.
In Proceedings of the 12^th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 547-552, 1991.

Loc90

J. Locke.
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding.
1690.

Luc61

J. R. Lucas.
Minds, machines, and Gödel.
Philosophy, 36:112-117, 1961.
(rpt. in: Minds and Machines, ed. Alan R. Anderson, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, 1964.).

Luc65

A. S. Luchins.
Mechanisierung beim Problemlösen.
In C. F. Graumann, editor, Denken, pages 171-190. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Köln, 1965.

Luc70

J. R. Lucas.
The freedom of the will.
Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1970.

LV88

M. Li and P. M. B. Vitanyi.
Two decades of applied Kolmogorov complexity.
In Proceedings of the 3^rd Annual Conference on Structure in Complexity Theory, pages 80-101, 1988.

LV89

M. Li and P. M. B. Vitanyi.
Inductive reasoning and Kolmogorov complexity.
In Proceedings of the 6^rd Annual Conference on Structure in Complexity Theory, pages 165-185, 1989.

LV91

M. Li and P. M. B. Vitanyi.
Combinatorics and Kolmogorov complexity.
In Proceedings of the 6^rd Annual Conference on Structure in Complexity Theory, pages 154-163, 1991.

Mah84

B. Mahr.
Die Herrschaft der Gebrauchsanweisung.
pages 89-107. Kursbuch Verlag GmbH, Berlin, März 1984.

Mat70

H. R. Maturana.
Neurophysiology of cognition.
In P. Garvin, editor, Cognition: A multiple view. New York, 1970.

MB88

S. Muggleton and W. Buntine.
Machine invention of first-order predicates by inverting resolution.
In Proceedings of the 5^th Machine Learning Conference, pages 339-352. Kaufmann, 1988.

McC79

P. McCorduck.
Machines Who Think.
W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, CA, 1979.

McC88

J. McCarthy.
Mathematical logic in artificial intelligence.
In S. R. Graubard, editor, The Artificial Intelligence Debate, pages 297-311. MIT Press, 1988.

Mea89

C. Mead.
Analog VLSI and neural Systems.
Addison & Wesley, 1989.

MF90

S. Muggleton and C. Feng.
Efficient induction of logic programs.
In Proceedings of the International Conference on Algorithmic Learning Theory, 1990.

Mic90

R. S. e. a. Michalski.
Machine Learning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach, I, II & III.
Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1983, 86, 90.

Mil43

J. S. Mill.
A System of Logic, Rationalism and Induction. Being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence, and the Methods of Scientific Investigation, I-II.
London, 1843.

Min68

M. Minsky.
Semantic Information Processing.
MIT Press, 1968.

Min71

M. Minsky.
Berechnung: Endliche und unendliche Maschinen.
Berlin Union GmbH, Stuttgart, 1971.
Engl. Original: Computation: Finite and Infinite Machines. Prentice-Hall, 1967.

Min72

M. Minsky.
Form and content in computer science.
Journal of the ACM, January 1972.

Min82

M. Minsky.
Why People Think Computers Can't.
AI Magazine, Fall 1982.

Min86

M. Minsky.
The Society of Mind.
Simon and Schuster, 1986.

Moo87

J. Moor.
Turing test.
In S. C. Shapiro, editor, The Wiley Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence. Wiley, 1987.

MP43

W. S. McCulloch and W. Pitts.
A logical calculus for the ideas immanent in nervous activity.
Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 5:115-143, 1943.

MP69

M. Minsky and S. Papert.
Perceptrons.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1969.

MS88

H. Mandl and H. Spada.
Wissenspsychologie.
Psychologie Verlags Union, München, 1988.

MS90

A. T. Marsland and J. Schaeffer.
Computers, Chess, and Cognition.
Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990.

Mün90

D. Münch.
The early works of Husserl and artificial intelligence.
Journal of the British Society of Phenomenology, 2(21):107-120, 1990.

MV80

H. R. Maturana and F. J. Varela.
Autopoiesis and Cognition: The Realization of the Living.
Boston, 1980.

MV82

H. R. Maturana and F. J. Varela.
Autopoietische Systeme. Eine Bestimmung der lebendigen Organisation.
In H. R. Maturana, editor, Erkennen: Die Organisation von Wirklichkeit. Ausgewählte Arbeiten zur biologischen Epistemologie. Braunschweig, 1982.
(Engl. Orig.: Autopoietic Systems. A Characterization of the Living Organization, 1975.).

MV87

H. R. Maturana and F. J. Varela.
The tree of knowledge. The biological Roots of Human Understanding.
New Science Library, 1987.

New80

A. Newell.
Physical symbol systems.
Cognitive Science, 4:135-183, 1980.

New82

A. Newell.
The knowledge level.
Artificial Intelligence, 18:87-127, 1982.

Nie86

F. Nietzsche.
Jenseits von Gut und Böse.
Insel Verlag, Frankfurt a.M., 1886.

NN64

E. Nagel and J. R. Newman.
Der Gödelsche Beweis.
Oldenburg, Wien, 1964.

NP90

G. Nicolis and I. Prigogine.
Self-Organization in Non-Equilibrium Systems: From Dissipative Structures to Order Through Fluctuations.
New York, 1990.

NS63

A. Newell and H. Simon.
GPS, a program that simulates human thought.
In E. Feigenbaum and J. Feldman, editors, Computers and Thought, pages 279-293. McGraw Hill, New York, 1963.

NS76

A. Newell and H. A. Simon.
Computer science as empirical inquiry: Symbols and search.
Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery, 19:113-126, 1976.

Nun91

J. Nunn.
An den Grenzen des menschlichen Geistes.
Computerschach und Spiele, 1& 2:41-44 & 38-41, 1991.

Pap88

S. Papert.
One AI or many.
In S. R. Graubard, editor, The Artificial Intelligence Debate. MIT Press, 1988.

Pas91

R. Paslack.
Urgeschichte der Selbstorganisation: zur Archäologie eines wissenschaftlichen Paradigmas.
Vieweg, 1991.

Pau79

W. Paul.
Kolmogorov's complexity and lower bounds.
In Proceedings of the 2^nd International Conference on Fundamentals of Computation Theory, 1979.

Pea91

D. Pears.
Wittgenstein's Account on Rule-Following.
Synthese, 87:373-383, 1991.

Pen89

R. Penrose.
The Emperor's new Mind.
Oxford University Press, 1989.

Pet90

P. Pettit.
The Reality of Rule-following.
Mind, 99:1-21, January 1990.

Pla

Platon.
Parmenides.

Plu74

R. Plutchik.
Foundations of experimental research.
New York, 1974.

Pop70

K. R. Popper.
Normal science and its dangers.
In I. Lakatos and A. Musgrave, editors, Criticism and the growth of knowledge. Cambridge University Press, 1970.

Pos43

E. L. Post.
Formal reduction of the general combinatorial decision problem.
American Journal of Mathematics, 65, 1943.

Pra55

C. Prantl.
Geschichte der Logik im Abendlande.
Leipzig, 1855.

Pri53

H. H. Price.
Thinking and Experience.
London, 1953.

Put75

H. Putnam.
Mind, Language and Reality.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1975.

Put86

H. Putnam.
Meaning holism.
In L. Hahn and P. Schilpp, editors, The Philosophy of W. v. O. Quine. Open Court Publishers, La Salle, IL, USA, 1986.

Put88

H. Putnam.
Much ado about not very much.
In S. R. Graubard, editor, The Artificial Intelligence Debate, pages 269-282. MIT Press, 1988.

Put91

H. Putnam.
Repräsentation und Realität.
Suhrkamp, 1991.
(Engl. Original: Representations and Reality. MIT Press, 1988.).

Pyl84

Z. W. Pylyshyn.
Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science.
MIT Press/Bradford Books, 1984.

Qui80

W. v. O. Quine.
Wort und Gegenstand.
Reclam, Stuttgart, 1980.
Engl. Original: Word and Object, 1960.

Qui89

W. v. O. Quine.
Die Wurzeln der Referenz.
Suhrkamp, Frankfurt, 1989.
Engl. Original: The roots of reference, 1974.

Res80

N. Rescher.
Induction. An Essay on Justification of Inductive Reasoning.
Oxford, 1980.

RMt86

D. E. Rumelhart, J. L. McClelland, and the PDP Research Group.
Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition,I & II.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1986.

Rob65

J. A. Robinson.
A machine-oriented logic based on the resolution principle.
Journal of the ACM, 12, 1965.

Rog59

C. R. Rogers.
Toward a theory of creativity.
In H. H. Anderson, editor, Creativity and its cultivation. New York, 1959.

Rog67

H. Rogers Jr.
Theory of Recursive Functions and Effective Computability.
McGraw-Hill, 1967.

Ros59

F. Rosenblatt.
Two theorems of statistical separability in the perceptron.
In Proceedings of the Symposium on the Mechanization of thought, pages 421-456, London, 1959. Her Majesty's Stationary Office.

Roy98

J. Royce.
The psychology of invention.
Psychological Review, 5:113-144, 1898.

Rus12

B. Russell.
Problems of Philosophy.
London, 1912.

Ryl49

G. Ryle.
The concept of mind.
Oxford, 1949.

Sam59

A. L. Samuel.
Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers.
IBM Journal of Research and Development, 3:210-229, 1959.

Sam67

A. L. Samuel.
Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers II.
IBM Journal of Research and Development, 11:601- 617, 1967.

SAW91

G. Schreiber, H. Akkermans, and B. Wielinga.
On problems with the knowledge level perspective.
In AI and Simulation of Behavior (AISB-91). Springer-Verlag, 1991.
208-221.

SC86

A. Sloman and J. Cohen.
What sorts of machines can understand the symbols they use ?
Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 60:61-95, 1986.

Sch13

M. Scheler.
Der Formalismus der Ethik und die materiale Wertethik.
In Jahrbuch für Philosophie und phänomenologische Forschung, pages 405-565 (Teil I) & 21-478 (Teil II). Halle a. d. S., 1913.

SD90

J. W. Shavlik and T. G. Dietterich, editors.
Readings in Machine Learning.
Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1990.

Sea80

J. R. Searle.
Minds, brains and programs.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3:417-424, 1980.

Sea82

J. R. Searle.
The chinese room revisited.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5:345-348, 1982.

Sea84

J. R. Searle.
Minds, Machines, Brains and Science.
1984.
dt.: Geist, Hirn und Wissenschaft; Suhrkamp, Frankfurt 1986.

Sea87

J. R. Searle.
Intentionalität. Eine Abhandlung zur Philosophie des Geistes.
Suhrkamp, 1987.
(Engl. Original: Intentionality. An essay in the philosophy of mind. Cambridge University Press, 1983.

Sle87

P. Slezak.
Gödel's theorem and the mind.
Brit. J. Phil. Sci., 33:41-52, 1987.

Smi85

B. C. Smith.
Prologue to `Reflection and semantics in a procedural language'.
In R. J. Brachman and H. J. Levesque, editors, Readings in knowledge representation. Morgan Kaufmann, Los Altos, CA, 1985.

Smo87

P. Smolensky.
Connectionist AI, symbolic AI, and the brain.
AI Review, 1:95-109, 1987.

Smo88

P. Smolensky.
On the proper treatment of connectionism.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 11:1-74, 1988.

Smo90

P. Smolensky.
In defence of PTC.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 13(2):407-412, 1990.

SN58

H. A. Simon and A. Newell.
Heuristic Problem Solver: The Next Advance in Operations Research.
Operations Research, 6, January/February 1958.

Sol64

R. J. Solomonoff.
Complexity-based induction systems: comparisons and convergence theorems.
Information and Control, 7:1-22 and 224-254, 1964.

Sti83

S. Stich.
From folk psychology to cognitive science: The case against belief.
MIT Press, Cambridge, 1983.

Sto86

D. Stove.
The Rationality of Induction.
Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1986.

SZ90

R. Serra and G. Zanarini.
Complex Systems and Cognitive Processes.
Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990.

Tar36

A. Tarski.
Der Wahrheitsbegriff in den formalisierten Sprachen.
Studia Philosophica, 1:261-405, 1936.

Tay64

C. W. Taylor.
Creativity: Progress and Potential.
McGraw-Hill, 1964.

Tur37

A. M. Turing.
On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem.
Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 2(42):230-265 and (43) 544-546, 1937.

Tur50

A. M. Turing.
Computing machinery and intelligence.
Mind, 59:433-460, 1950.

Tur53

A. M. Turing.
Digital computers applied to games.
In B. V. Bowden, editor, Faster than Thought, pages 286-310. Pitman, 1953.

Val84a

L. Valiant.
Deductive learning.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 312, 1984.

Val84b

L. Valiant.
A theory of the learnable.
Communications of the ACM, 27:1134-1142, 1984.

Var90

F. J. Varela.
Kognitionswissenschaft - Kognitionstechnik.
Suhrkamp, Frankfurt, 1990.
stw 882.

Vin92

R. E. Vinkhuysen.
On the non-existence of the knowledge level.
In Proceedings of the 10^th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Wiley & Sons, 1992.
620-622.

von60

H. von Förster.
On self-organizing systems and their environments.
In M. C. Yovits and S. Cameron, editors, Self-Organizing Systems; Proceedings of an Interdisciplinary Conference. Oxford, 1960.

von80

F. von Kutschera.
Sprachphilosophie.
Uni-Taschenbücher 80, 1980.

vZ62

H. von Förster and G. W. Zopf.
Principles of Self-Organization.
Oxford, 1962.

Wan74

H. Wang.
From Mathematics to Philosophy.
Routledge & Kegan, London, 1974.

Web68

J. Webb.
Metamathematics and the philosophy of mind.
Philosophy of Science, 35:156-178, 1968.

Web80

J. Webb.
Mechanism, Mentalism and Metamathematics: An Essay on Finitism.
D. Reidel Publ., Dordrecht-Boston, 1980.

WF86

T. Winograd and F. Flores.
Understanding Computers and Cognition: A new Foundation for Design.
Norwood Publisher, 1986.

Wie84

O. Wiener.
Turings Test. Vom dialektischen zum binären Denken.
pages 12-37. Kursbuch Verlag GmbH, Berlin, März 1984.

Win70

P. H. Winston.
Learning structural descriptions from examples.
PhD thesis, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 1970.

Win72

T. Winograd.
Understanding Natural Language.
Academic Press, New York, 1972.

Win92

P. H. Winston.
Artificial Intelligence.
Addison & Wesley, 1992.
3^rd edition.

Wit21

L. Wittgenstein.
Tractatus logico-philosophicus.
In W. Ostwald, editor, Annalen der Naturphilosophie, Bd. 14, Heft 3-4. 1921.
(Nachdr.: Suhrkamp, Frankfurt, 1963.).

Wit53

L. Wittgenstein.
Philosophische Untersuchungen.
Blackwell, Oxford, 1953.
(Nachdr.: Suhrkamp, Frankfurt, 1984.).

Wro91

S. Wrobel.
Towards a model of grounded concept formation.
In Proceedings of the 12^th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 712-717, 1991.